Development of the political system of the Polish Republic 1914-1921

Abstract

Introduction.The analysis of the revival and development of the political system of the Polish republic in 1914-1921 does not only permit to deepen the knowledge of history of this state but also enables us to reveal and investigate the problems of its stateliness and development.

Purpose.The desire to evaluate more objectively in comparison with Soviet period the history of the Second Commonwealth has been traced in modern Ukrainian historiography. Ukrainian polonistics is represented by the solid works of L. Zashkil’niak, M. Krikun and L. Alexiievets’ in which the process of formation and functioning of the Polish political system in 1918-1926 is thoroughly analysed.

Results.The analys is of party and political system of Poland which go its state hood after the First World Wartes tifies the fact hatit was forming int heprocess of political differen tiation of the Polish society bymeans of trans formation of political forces, their ideological and program settings under new circumstances. In our opinion internally political orientation has become the main differentiating sign of their political activity in comparison with externally political one on the eve and during the First World War.Both forms and directions of the activity of different parties and the evolution of program positions of struggling for socially political structure at the revival stage of the Polish state were defined by all these facts.

Conclusion.The formation and transformation the Polish parliamentary system of postwarperiod are connected with multiple political parties, organizations, ideological currents which gave much influen ceon the functioning the whole state apparatus of the revived state. The annexation of the Polish lands in the past has resulted in all these processes. The integration of the Polish society has become complicated by multiple ethical groups and also regional peculiarities which were historically formed. Declared equal right of participation in the important enactment for all parties was often violated by right parties which wanted to eliminate participation in socially political life of the country of national minority parties. It couldn’t but cause distrust of national minorities in particular Ukrainians and Belarusians to the Polish State.