Agricultural Cooperation as a factor in the revival of beet growing in Ukraine during the NEP
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Abstract. Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of the role and organizational mechanisms of the activity of agricultural cooperation in the process of the revival of peasant beet growing in Ukraine during the NEP period. Scientific novelty. The article for the first time comprehensively highlights the significant organizational, economic and financial and production work of special agricultural cooperation and analyzes its key role in increasing the productivity of peasant labor, increasing marketability and economic well-being of peasant farms. It is emphasized that agricultural cooperation became the highest form of organizing peasant production of industrial crops during the NEP years. Originality of the study. The work is based on the analysis of the contradiction between the potential profitability of beet growing for densely populated areas and the real inability of peasants to independently conduct production after the destruction of landlord economies. The author substantiates the historical regularity of the creation of the cooperative system «Buryakospilka» as a tool for intensification of the agricultural sector, which had no analogues in previous periods in terms of the scale of attracting smallholders to sugar beet cultivation. Conclusions. It is stated that the real economic practice of specialists of the cooperative system contributed to the material support of the peasantry and the growth of the marketability of peasant farms. It is proved that agricultural cooperation played a key role in the revival of beet growing, turning a labor-intensive industry into a profitable occupation for ordinary peasants. Thanks to the creation of special coordination centers, it was possible to establish effective economic activity in the fields. This ensured a stable growth in the number of farms growing sugar beets and significantly increased the overall marketability and productivity of the Ukrainian countryside in the 1920s.
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