German camps for Soviet prisoners of war in 1943 on the territory of Ukraine

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O.M. Radchenko

Abstract

The article reviews policy of Nazi invaders regarding Soviet prisoners of war in 1943. Previous attitude, based on barbaric extinguishment of captured soldiers and officers, was gradually changing due to overall shifts in the course of war after Stalingrad and Kursk battles. Prisoners of war were brutally exploited in German industries and agriculture, which were lacking labour force after several years of war. Number of prisoners and camps in Ukraine significantly decreased. Remaining camps were moved to Kiev and Uman. Prisoners, who were capable to work, were sent to Germany. Relocation of Soviet prisoners of war to Reich during retreat of Nazi troops from territory of Ukraine in autumn and winter of 1943 was carried out on the basis of plans of commandment of group of armies «South» for the forced evacuation.

The article pays attention to such categories of prisoners of war, as Red Army officers, who were sent to «oflag» (Offizierlager) in Volodymyr-Volynsky, or women, who were sent to camps and Labour Exchanges, as well as partisans and their helpers. It was found that in separate camps were kept deserters for their further use at the service of occupational regime. These issues need further research, though it may be complicated by insufficient and difficultly accessible source base. 

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