Dynamics of oppositional sentiments in the “eastern borderlands” of the Second Polish Republic: features of the development of the Belarusian national liberation movement in the interwar period 1918–1939

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to conduct an in-depth analysis of opposition sentiments in Belarusian society during the interwar period of 1918–1939, focusing on the peculiarities of this region. The research aims to uncover the historical context, identify key figures and organizations that defined opposition trends, and examine significant events and their impact on the formation of the national identity of the Belarusian people. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in expanding the understanding of Belarusian history, especially between the First and Second World Wars. The study is dedicated to a detailed analysis of opposition sentiments and the national liberation movement that emerged during this period. The author seeks to identify key organizations and events that influenced the formation of the national consciousness of the Belarusian people. Conclusions. Researching oppositional sentiments in Belarusian society during the interwar period reveals several key aspects of the country's history. Oppositionality arose in the complex political and socio-cultural environment of the Second Polish Republic, where Belarusian lands became the arena for the struggle for national rights. It is important to note that the national liberation movement was diverse, uniting various political and cultural groups. The involvement of different leaders and organizations defined attempts to establish autonomy and develop Belarusian identity. Cultural revival played a crucial role in shaping national consciousness, but the fight against the Polish administration and assimilation policies posed numerous challenges to the opposition movement. The quest for autonomy for Belarusian lands aimed to alter the political landscape of the region, but its annulment brought about difficulties. Nevertheless, oppositional sentiments determined the fate of national revival, playing a significant role in the subsequent development of Belarusian society.