THE CONCEPT OF «THE GREAT PEASANT WAR IN THE IN THE USSR 1918–1933» IN THE INTERETATION OF ANDREA GRAZIOSI: ATTEMPT OF CRITICAL ANALYSIS
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Анотація
The publication is dedicated to the concept of «Great Peasant War in the USSR 1918 – 1933» and its interpretation in the works of contemporary Italian historian A. Graziosi. Factors, that contributed to the genesis of the concept, in particular the E. Wolf’s, V. Danilov’s, T. Shanin’s approaches were identified. The question on expediency of using in such context of the definition of «peasant war» and the validity of the selected chronological frameworks was arised. The essential characteristics of the concept of «Great Peasant War in the USSR», that are offered in Western historiography, were analyzed. Author made attempt to identify the strengths and vulnerabilities of as the concept itself and the A. Graziosi’s approach to its interpretation in particular. The publication is accompanied by an interview of the author with prof. Graziosi.
Introdution. The concept of «Great Peasant War in the USSR 1918 – 1933» and its interpretation by modern Italian historian Andrea Graziosi is, along with the concepts of «everyday resistance» (James Scott), «culture of resistance» (Lynn Viola), «social banditry» (Eric Hobsbawm), «peasant wars of the twentieth century» (Eric Wolf) and «leaderless resistance» (Julius Amoss), etc., has a special meaning in the context of scientific historiographical analysis of dominant in western historiography approaches to peasant resistance to the social, economical and cultural policies of the Soviet power in the late 1920’s – early 1930’s.
Methods of researching are represented by: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization and comparative method.
Results. Peasant war, or, more precisely, peasant wars in Russia and then the Soviet Union, that permanently lasted in the widest sense from 1902 to 1938, acquired the character of «war against all», which led the peasantry, excited a strong moral imperative to farm peacefully on their land.
Originality. Author made attempt to identify the strengths and vulnerabilities of as the concept itself and the A. Graziosi’s approach to its interpretation in particular. The publication is accompanied by an interview of the author with prof. Graziosi.
Conclusion. Considering the research results of our predecessors, we can state that the «Great Peasant War in the USSR» appears as the permanent general background of the interwar era in Soviet Union.
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Посилання
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